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The expression (a) -> a in Java is a lambda expression. Lambda expressions were introduced in Java 8 to provide a concise way to represent anonymous functions.

In this specific lambda expression (a) -> a, it represents a function that takes an input parameter a and returns the same value a.

Here's a breakdown:

• (a) defines the parameter list, in this case, there's only one parameter named a.
• -> separates the parameter list from the body of the lambda expression.
• a is the body of the lambda expression, which in this case simply returns the value of the parameter a.

You might see this kind of lambda expression commonly used in functional interfaces or when working with streams in Java to define simple transformations or operations.